46 Focus | Simulation and testing achieved with only 30 logical qubits on a quantum computer, leading to better accuracy and efficiency, and lower costs than current methods. This would provide large-scale CFD simulation and flow analysis for every engineer once quantum computers become readily available. This is particularly important for UAV designers as it will enable CFD engineers to simulate a full aircraft for the first time, allowing aerospace engineers to greatly improve flight patterns during turbulence. Even with the current growth in supercomputers, simulating an entire aircraft with classical computing will not be possible until 2080. For the research, a Hybrid Quantum Classical Finite Method (HQCFM) physics-based solver simulated a non-linear, time-dependent Partial Differential Equation (PDE) from four qubits all the way to 11 qubits. The accuracy and consistency were comparable to classical computers, while the HQCFM did not propagate any error to the next time step. This is a significant breakthrough towards more complex simulations beyond the capacity of classical devices. The physics-based solver can also be used to solve other PDEs to capture interactions in gas dynamics, traffic flow or flood waves in rivers. Combined with quantum algorithms, the technology can accurately solve complex equations. Another project involves developing quantum algorithms capable of accelerating the simulation of aerospace equipment, such as radar or telecoms antennas. These algorithms would run on the same Fault Tolerant Quantum Computer (FTQC) systems to accelerate electromagnetic simulations, opening the door to new optimisations of airborne equipment designs. The results of the electromagnetic simulation will then be tested on airborne equipment, such as radars and antennas, to estimate the exact number of qubits needed to significantly improve performance. The convergence of digital-twin and high-performance simulation tools is speeding up the development of complex hardware and software for uncrewed systems, whether in the air or on the ground. The next generation of fault-tolerant quantum computer systems promises to take this forward with exponential improvements in simulation performance to find new ways of creating better sensing and communications systems. Acknowledgements With thanks to Nathaniel Varano at Aeroprobe, Ray Leto at TotalSim and Daniel Tosoki at aiMotive. October/November 2024 | Uncrewed Systems Technology FRANCE AVSimulation +33 1 4694 9780 www.avsimulation.fr GERMANY dSPACE +49 5251 1638 0 www.dspace.com HUNGARY aiMotive +36 1 7707 201 www.aimotive.com INDIA Wipro +91 80 4682 7999 www.wipro.com ISRAEL Cognata +1 855 500 0217 www.cognata.com Foretellix +972 584 347475 www.foretellix.com USA Aeroprobe +1 540 443 9215 www.aeroprobe.com Ansys +1 724 746 3304 www.ansys.com BosonQ Psi (BQP) - www.bosonqpsi.com CARLA – www.carla.org Emerson/NI – www.ni.com Nvidia +1 408 486 2500 www.nvidia.com OPAL-RT Technologies +1 514 935 2323 www.opal-rt.com Siemens EDA – www.plm.automation. siemens.com TotalSim +1 614 255 7426 www.totalsim.us Voyage (Cruise) +1 206 623 1986 news.voyage.auto Some examples of simulation tool suppliers
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